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Lossing 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\u53c8\u5982\u674e\u7ae0\u9e4f\u535a\u58eb\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cBooth\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\uff08\u4f5c\u8005\u540e\u6765\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u5b66\u672f\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u201c\u7edf\u8ba1\u578b\u8c03\u67e5\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5373\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002Booth\u5373\u82f1\u56fd19\u300120\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4ea4\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u4eba\u7269Charles Booth\u3002\uff09\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6c34\u706b\u4e0d\u76f8\u5bb9\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u4f5c\u4e24\u6d3e\u4f1a\u901a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u51c6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5e76\u65e0\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4e4b\u5206\uff1b\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u8fc7\u5206\u8d2c\u4f4e\u7edf\u8ba1\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6bd4\u8f83\u9694\u819c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u89c6\u9608\uff0c\u800c\u4e8c\u6218\u4ee5\u6765\u6570\u7406\u7edf\u8ba1\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002[4]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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H.Kulp\uff09\u7684\u300a\u534e\u5357\u4e61\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\u300b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u9887\u80fd\u793a\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u201d\u3002[8]1933\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ea6\u4e24\u6b21\u63d0\u53ca\u845b\u6c0f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u4e00\u6b21\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u6b65\u6d4e\u65f6\u548c\u7518\u535a\u5408\u8457\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u578b\u8c03\u67e5\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u300b\u5e76\u4e3e\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u65e9\u671f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u201c\u5176\u4e2d\u89c4\u6a21\u7a0d\u5927\uff0c\u4e14\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u201d\uff0c[9]\u53e6\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\u56de\u987e\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u53f2\u65f6\u79f0\u201c\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\u201d\u3002[10] 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anthropology from the functional point of view\uff09\u4f5c\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u6765\u662f\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u6559\u6388\u4f20\u6388\u7ed9\u6211\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e8b\u5148\u5e76\u4e0d\u89c9\u5f97\u600e\u6837\uff0c\u4e8b\u540e\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\u2014\u2014\u5373\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u8bf8\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u6211\u624d\u5f7b\u5e95\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8fde\u9501\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4e2a\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u83ab\u5927\u7684\u6536\u83b7\u3002\u201d[14]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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&nbsp;\u5982\u6b64\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f5c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6216\u4e13\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6216\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u65f6\u523b\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u95f4\u8054\u9501\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u4e0e\u6574\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6240\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6750\u6599\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u5904\u7684\u3002[20]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6765\u548c\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u8b6c\u55bb\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8b6c\u4e4b\u7167\u50cf\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u8c03\u67e5\u8b6c\u4e4b\u7535\u5f71\u3002\u7167\u50cf\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u3001\u4e00\u65f6\u7684\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u3001\u9759\u6001\u7684\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u7535\u5f71\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u7eb5\u8d2f\u7684\u3001\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u3001\u5168\u5f62\u7684\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u3002[21]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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\u53ca\u81f31948\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8bba\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u9014\u5f84\u300b\u4e00\u6587[27]\u65f6\uff0c\u5f20\u4e16\u6587\u518d\u5ea6\u8bc4\u8ff0\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u8c03\u67e5\u4e4b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u800c\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u5217\u4e3e\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u542b\u7cca\u5176\u8f9e\u5730\u8bf4\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u897f\u5357\u5404\u7701\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u57cb\u5934\u505a\u8fc7\u519c\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u201c\u6210\u7ee9\u7684\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u535c\u7684\u201d\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u9014\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u539f\u7406\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u53d8\u8fc1\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6750\u6599\u7528\u4ee5\u5145\u5b9e\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e0e\u666e\u901a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u7eaf\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u63a2\u8ba8\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u660e\u4e86\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u8fdb\u519c\u6751\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u6751\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u798f\u5229\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u543e\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u4fbf\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u5145\u5206\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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Booth,\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5148\u9a71\uff09\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8c03\u67e5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u84b2\u53f8\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 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[54]<\/p>\n<p>\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u9648\u7ff0\u7b19\u5728\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u62401929\uff0d1930\u5e74\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u524d\u5317\u4eac\u519c\u5546\u90e8\u4e4b\u519c\u6751\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5176\u7b80\u964b\u865a\u5984\u4e4b\u70b9\u4e0d\u80dc\u679a\u4e3e\u3002\u636e\u519c\u5546\u90e8\u62a5\u544a\uff0c1914\u5e74\u81f31915\u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u5e7f\u4e1c\u519c\u6c11\u9aa4\u589e900\u4e07\uff1b1922\u5e74\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u5409\u6797\u8015\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u9aa4\u589e\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u8bd5\u95ee\u519c\u6751\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u79cd\u62a5\u544a\uff0c<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u5173\u7cfb\uff01\u201d 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\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\u6001\u5ea6\u5c31\u8c28\u4e25\u5f97\u591a\u4e86\u3002\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u5728\u5b9a\u53bf\u4ece\u4e8b\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u591a\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u6562\u8f7b\u6613\u53d1\u8868\u770b\u6cd5\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u590d\u6742\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e9a\u4e8e\u90fd\u5e02\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u2018\u9ebb\u96c0\u867d\u5c0f\uff0c\u809d\u80c6\u4ff1\u5168\u2019\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u77ed\u65f6\u671f\u5185\u80fd\u8c03\u67e5\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u5b9a\u53bf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4ecd\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u519c\u6751\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5c1a\u672a\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u5341\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u4e0d\u6562\u907d\u4e0b\u6709\u628a\u63e1\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u201d[57]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 \u8003\u8651\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u7edf\u8ba1\u8d44\u6599\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u505a\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u624d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u8ba4\u8bc6\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u5f53\u65f6\u6240\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u53cc\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u65e2\u8981\u641c\u96c6\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u53c8\u8981\u505a\u8bb8\u591a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u7edf\u8ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u505a\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6127\u4e8e\u65f6\u4ee3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 \u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u95e8\u6ce8\u91cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u6446\u8131\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8fa8\u7684\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u5176\u5b66\u79d1\u6210\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6781\u9700\u52a0\u5f3a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u4ee5\u4e8c\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u7684\u8270\u82e6\u52aa\u529b\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4e1a\u7ee9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u672f\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9057\u4ea7\u3002\u4ece2005\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u6e05\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e1b\u7f16\u300b\u5927\u578b\u51fa\u7248\u5de5\u7a0b\u5c06\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\u2014\u2014\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u6240\u641c\u96c6\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5448\u73b0\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5609\u60e0\u5b66\u6797\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5de8\u5927\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u8d44\u6599\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u6210\u7ee9\u8fd8\u662f\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u5434\u666f\u8d85\u3001\u5b59\u672c\u6587\u3001\u674e\u5b89\u5b85\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u90fd\u5bf9\u5176\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e2d\u80af\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff1b\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u6768\u5803\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u4ece\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b88\u4e00\u9685\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u62e9\u5584\u800c\u4ece\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u7740\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5438\u6536\u5176\u4e2d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5b66\u672f\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u773c\u5149\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u629b\u5f03\u524d\u8f88\u7684\u5b66\u6d3e\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u517c\u6536\u5e76\u84c4\uff0c\u4f7f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3002[58]<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 \u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [1] \u960e\u660e\u8457\u300a\u4e00\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u2014\u2014\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c72\u9875\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2004\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [2] \u97e9\u660e\u8c1f\u6559\u6388\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff08\u8f7d\u6f58\u4e43\u8c37\u3001\u9a6c\u620e\u4e3b\u7f16\u300a\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u300b\uff0c\u5929\u6d25\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u5178\u578b\u3002\u72b9\u5fc6\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u97e9\u6559\u6388\u544a\u8bc9\u7b14\u8005\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u5357\u8054\u5927\u8bfb\u4e66\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u662f\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u5c31\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u8d39\u5b5d\u901a\u5148\u751f\u6709\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u8d39\u5148\u751f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u538b\u5236\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u624d\u89c9\u5f97\u8d39\u5148\u751f\u505a\u7684\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6bd4\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u5f0f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u66f4\u9ad8\u4e00\u7b79\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u960e\u660e\u7684\u300a\u4e00\u95e8\u5b66\u79d1\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u2014\u2014\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u4e13\u5217\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\u4e00\u7ae0\uff0c\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u6709\u8f83\u516c\u5141\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [3] \u590f\u660e\u65b9\uff1a\u300a\u6e05\u672b\u6c11\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5174\u8d77\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u8bfb\u4e66\u62a5\u300b2007\u5e748\u67081\u65e5\u7b2c11\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [4] \u674e\u7ae0\u9e4f\uff1a\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff1a1897\uff0d1937\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c140-141\u9875\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u6e05\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c2006\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [5] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\uff1a\u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c10\u9875\uff0c\u661f\u4e91\u5802\u4e66\u5e97\uff0c1933\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [6] \u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u5e8f\u201d\u7b2c2\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [7] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\u5728\u300a\u56de\u5fc6\u5e73\u6559\u4f1a\u5b9a\u53bf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u533a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff08\u8f7d\u4e8e\u300a\u6cb3\u5317\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u9009\u8f91\u300b\u7b2c11\u8f91\uff0c\u6cb3\u5317\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1983\uff09\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e03\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u8c03\u67e5\u6750\u6599\u79ef\u7d2f\u6781\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u5728\u5341\u5e74\u52a8\u4e71\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u662f\u672a\u6765\u5f97\u53ca\u6574\u7406\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [8] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u754c\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\uff0c1927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [9]\u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u5e8f\u201d\u7b2c1\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [10]\u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c26\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [11] \u5434\u6587\u85fb\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u897f\u6d0b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u56fd\u5185\u8fd1\u72b6\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u5317\u5e73\u6668\u62a5\u00b7\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c101\u671f\uff0c1935\u5e749\u670811\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [12] \u300a\u5b9e\u5730\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c25\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [13] \u300a\u5434\u6587\u85fb\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c156\u9875\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1990\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [14] \u674e\u6587\u6d77\u4e3b\u7f16\uff1a\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e1b\u7f16\u300b\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c403\u9875\uff0c\u798f\u5efa\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [15] \u53c2\u89c1\u674e\u666f\u6c49\uff1a\u300a\u51c9\u5c71\u5138\u5138\u7684\u6c0f\u65cf\u7ec4\u7ec7\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u8fb9\u653f\u516c\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c3\u30014\u671f\uff0c1941\u5e7411\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [16] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\uff1a\u300a\u6446\u5937\u7684\u6446\u2014\u2014\u8292\u5e02\u90a3\u6728\u5be8\u5b97\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u5730\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u8fb9\u653f\u516c\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c7\u30018\u671f\uff0c1942\u5e743\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [17] \u891a\u5efa\u82b3\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u4eba\u795e\u4e4b\u95f4\u2014\u2014\u4e91\u5357\u8292\u5e02\u4e00\u4e2a\u50a3\u65cf\u6751\u5be8\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f26\u7406\u4e0e\u7b49\u7ea7\u79e9\u5e8f\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c8\u9875\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2005\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [18] \u8f7d\u300a\u8fb9\u653f\u516c\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c1\u671f\uff0c1941\u5e748\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [19] \u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e86\u5206\u5de5\uff0c\u7531\u4e13\u5bb6\u5236\u5b9a\u8c03\u67e5\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u628a\u8868\u683c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c03\u67e5\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6beb\u65e0\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u96c7\u5458\u6216\u5b66\u751f\u53bb\u4f9d\u636e\u8868\u683c\u4e0a\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u53bb\u627e\u4eba\u6765\u586b\uff0c\u586b\u597d\u7684\u8868\u683c\u518d\u627e\u4eba\u6c47\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u52a0\u4ee5\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7531\u4e13\u5bb6\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6765\u63a8\u8bba\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u5236\u5b9a\u8868\u683c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eb2\u81ea\u63a5\u89e6\u5b9e\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u672a\u5fc5\u5408\u4e4e\u5b9e\u9645\u3002\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u7684\u8d39\u5b5d\u901a\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e91\u5357\u7984\u6751\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d1\u73b01935\u5e74\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u884c\u653f\u9662\u519c\u6751\u590d\u5174\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e1b\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u300a\u4e91\u5357\u7701\u519c\u6751\u8c03\u67e5\u300b\u5c31\u51fa\u73b0\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u7531\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u201c\u5206\u5de5\u201d\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e88\u4ee5\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u89c1\u300a\u8d39\u5b5d\u901a\u6587\u96c6\u300b\u7b2c2\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c310-316\u9875\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5206\u5de5\u201d\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8c03\u67e5\u8868\u683c\u4e4b\u524d\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u5148\u5bf9\u6240\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u793e\u533a\u719f\u6089\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c03\u67e5\u5458\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u4e3a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u3002\u4f3c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u5168\u9762\u5426\u5b9a\u8fd9\u79cd\u201c\u5206\u5de5\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [20] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\uff1a\u300a\u8fb9\u7586\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u5e94\u884c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e4b\u70b9\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u8fb9\u653f\u516c\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c1\u671f\uff0c1941\u5e748\u6708\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [21] \u300a\u5434\u6587\u85fb\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c157\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [22] \u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5377\u201c\u5f20\u4e16\u6587\u201d\u6761\uff0c\u7b2c470\u9875\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1991\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [23] \u53c2\u89c1\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u8457\u300a\u5317\u5e73\u90ca\u5916\u4e4b\u4e61\u6751\u5bb6\u5ead\u300b\u5e8f\u8a00\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e1b\u7f16\u300b\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c463\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [24] \u5f20\u4e16\u6587\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c168\u9875\uff0c\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1944\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [25] \u5f15\u6587\u89c1\u5f20\u4e16\u6587\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d\u6240\u9644\u674e\u5b89\u5b85\u5e8f\u8a00\u7b2c2\uff0d3\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [26] \u9676\u5b5f\u548c\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u5b5f\u548c\u6587\u5b58\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u7b2c108-109\u9875\uff0c\u4e9a\u4e1c\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1925\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [27] \u8f7d\u300a\u534e\u897f\u4e61\u5efa\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c4\u30015\u671f\u5408\u520a\uff0c1948\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [28] \u5434\u666f\u8d85\uff1a\u300a\u51e0\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u6240\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u8f7d\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u754c\u300b\u7b2c3\u5377\uff0c1929\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [29] \u5434\u666f\u8d85\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53bf\u5fd7\u7684\u6539\u9020\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c60\u53f7\uff0c1933\u5e747\u670823\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [30] \u674e\u666f\u6c49\u5728\u300a\u5065\u5168\u53bf\u5355\u4f4d\u8c03\u67e5\u7edf\u8ba1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9700\u8981\u300b\uff08\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c222\u53f7\uff0c1936\u5e7410\u670811\u65e5\uff09\u4e00\u6587\u4e2d\u5f81\u5f15\u4e86\u5434\u6587\u7684\u5f88\u957f\u7bc7\u5e45\u540e\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u6b64\u70b9\uff0c\u5434\u5148\u751f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bf4\u7684\u5f88\u900f\u5f7b\uff0c\u6211\u65e0\u987b\u518d\u8865\u5145\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bdd\u201d\u3002\u501f\u7740\u4ed6\u53c8\u8c08\u5230\u53bf\u5355\u4f4d\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u7528\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6750\u6599\u201d\uff0c\u4e0e\u5434\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u547c\u5e94\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u5728\u6240\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bfe\u672c\u53ca\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\uff0c\u5927\u534a\u7686\u4e3a\u6d0b\u6587\u539f\u672c\u6216\u8bd1\u672c\u3002\u672c\u56fd\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6750\u6599\u975e\u5e38\u7f3a\u4e4f\u3002\u53bf\u5355\u4f4d\u8c03\u67e5\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u662f\u5f88\u663e\u7136\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [31] \u8f7d\u300a\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u300b\u7b2c1\u5377\u7b2c11\u671f\uff0c1939\u5e744\u670816\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [32] \u8f7d\u300a\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u300b\u7b2c6\u5377\u7b2c9\u671f\uff0c1942\u5e742\u67081\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [33] \u5b59\u672c\u6587\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c222\uff0d223\u9875\uff0c\u80dc\u5229\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\uff0c1948\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [34] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c277\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [35] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c215\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [36] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c166\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [37] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c176\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [38] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c277\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [39] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c277\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [40] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c280\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [41] \u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c281\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [42] &nbsp;\u8d75\u627f\u4fe1\u7684\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u539f\u8f7d\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u754c\u300b\u7b2c9\u5377\uff081936\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u6536\u5165\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u7f16\u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u6d3e\u514b\u3001\u5e03\u6717\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6587\u96c6\u53ca\u5b66\u8bb0\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e2002\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff09\u3001\u5218\u80b2\u4ec1\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b\uff08\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7cfb\u5b66\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c1936\uff09\u3001\u5ed6\u6cf0\u521d\u7684\u300a\u5b9a\u53bf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u300b\uff08\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7cfb\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\uff0c1935\uff09\u90fd\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3e\u6279\u8bc4\u751a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [43]\u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\u7b2c373\u9875\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u674e\u666f\u6c49\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u5e73\u6559\u4f1a\u6539\u826f\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\u6781\u529b\u5426\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u201c\u56db\u5927\u6559\u80b2\u201d\u65b9\u6848\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u6765\u5426\u8ba4\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u800c\u674e\u7ae0\u9e4f\u535a\u58eb\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u56db\u5927\u6559\u80b2\u201d\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5f00\u5c55\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u540e\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u524d\u8005\u7684\u6839\u636e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4f46\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e73\u6559\u4f1a\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u53c2\u89c1\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff1a1897-1937\u300b\u7b2c4\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7b2c147-159\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [44] \u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c374\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [45] \u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c376\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [46] \u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c377\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [47] \u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c379\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [48] \u300a\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c380\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [49] \u8f7d\u300a\u76ca\u4e16\u62a5\u00b7\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u5929\u6d25\uff09\uff0c1948\u5e742\u67085\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [50] \u5218\u80b2\u4ec1\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u8c03\u67e5\u8fd0\u52a8\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c54\uff0d55\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [51] \u300a\u6768\u5803\u6c11\u65cf\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c35\uff0d36\u9875\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1991\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000 [52] 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