{"id":219352,"date":"2024-07-01T08:33:41","date_gmt":"2024-07-01T00:33:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.youtupa.com\/gonglue\/219352.html"},"modified":"2024-07-01T09:22:10","modified_gmt":"2024-07-01T01:22:10","slug":"%e7%94%9f%e6%80%81%e5%86%9c%e4%b8%9a%e6%97%85%e6%b8%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%ef%bc%8c%e7%94%9f%e6%80%81%e5%86%9c%e4%b8%9a%e6%97%85%e6%b8%b8%e7%9a%84%e6%84%8f%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.youtupa.com\/gonglue\/219352.html","title":{"rendered":"\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"

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1. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

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2. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

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3. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\uff08Agriculture Ecology,Agroecology\uff09\u662f\u8fd0\u7528\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u5176\u81ea\u7136\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u79d1\u5b66\u3002\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u662f\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u7531\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u5176\u73af\u5883\u6784\u6210\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u5176\u8c03\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u9014\u5f84\u7b49\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6709\u5173\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u77e5\u8bc6\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8981\u8fd0\u7528\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u539f\u7406\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u751f\u6001\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5316\u9014\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u7528\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\u519c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u6001\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u534f\u8c03\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u5206\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u6548\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u7684\u6839\u672c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u4e3a\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u63d0\u51fa\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u7d27\u5bc6\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5fc5\u7136\u8981\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u51cf\u8f7b\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u538b\u529b\u548c\u964d\u4f4e\u8d44\u6e90\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u8d70\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e4b\u8def\uff0c\u662f\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u8981\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u628a\u63e1\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u201c\u751f\u6001\u2015\u6280\u672f\u2015\u7ecf\u6d4e\u201d\u590d\u5408\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u7406\u8c03\u63a7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6301\u7eed\u9ad8\u6548\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u5229\u7528\u519c\u4e1a\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u519c\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u5408\u7406\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u201c\u519c\u6e38\u5408\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5927\u65c5\u6e38\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u9500\u552e\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e26\u52a8\u76f8\u5173\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u52b3\u52a8\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u9ad8\u6548\u519c\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u6539\u5584\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5851\u9020\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u98ce\u8c8c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u57ce\u5e02\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u73af\u5883\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u4f11\u61a9\u5065\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6e38\u5ba2\u4e86\u89e3\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f53\u9a8c\u519c\u5bb6\u751f\u6d3b\u6c14\u606f\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u519c\u4e1a\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u666e\u53ca\u519c\u4e1a\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u57ce\u4e61\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u62d3\u65b0\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u6e38\u5ba2\u8d70\u8fdb\u201c\u519c\u4e1a\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u67d0\u4e9b\u89c2\u5149\u5730\u4eba\u6ee1\u4e3a\u60a3\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u7f13\u89e3\u5047\u65e5\u91cc\u57ce\u5e02\u65c5\u6e38\u5730\u8fc7\u5206\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

\u9996\u5148\u4ee5\u5065\u5eb7\u4e3a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u6709\u673a\u519c\u4e1a\u98df\u54c1\u5c06\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u7eff\u8272\u6709\u673a\u98df\u54c1\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\u201c\u6709\u673a\u98df\u54c1\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u6709\u673a\u8d28\u201d\u2014\u2014\u6709\u673a\u80a5\u79cd\u690d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u98df\u54c1\u5374\u662f\u4e2a\u503c\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6280\u672f\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u51fa\u53f0\u6709\u673a\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u62df\u5b9a\u79cd\u690d\u6709\u673a\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6761\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u673a\u8d28\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u6e90\u5934\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\u6709\u673a\u8d28\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u7eff\u8272\u690d\u7269\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8d85\u6807\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ca\u5316\u5b66\u519c\u836f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u90fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u6709\u673a\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u63d0\u5021\u751f\u7269\u519c\u836f\uff0c\u4ee5\u83cc\u9632\u75c5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u514d\u75ab\u529b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u673a\u8d28\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u673a\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56fd\u5bb6\u666e\u53ca\u53d1\u5c55\u7eff\u8272\u6709\u673a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u5b66\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u8015\u5730\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u5229\u7528\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u5229\u56fd\u5229\u6c11\uff01<\/p>\n

6. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

1 \u63d0\u9ad8\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73 \u62c9\u52a8\u5185\u9700 \u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53c8\u597d\u53c8\u5feb\u53d1\u5c55\u6dfb\u7816\u52a0\u74e6<\/p>\n

2 \u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a \u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8c10\u793e\u4f1a\u6253\u9020\u826f\u597d\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/p>\n

3 \u63a8\u8fdb\u519c\u6751\u6539\u9769\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7ecf\u6d4e\u826f\u6027\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u8fa9\u8bc1\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c79\u7acb\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e4b\u6797\u7684\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6cbc\u6c14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u7684\u751f\u7269\u80fd\u6e90,\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u8d28\u3001\u536b\u751f\u3001\u5ec9\u4ef7\u7684\u6c14\u4f53\u71c3\u6599,\u5f00\u5c55\u519c\u6751\u5f53\u6cbc\u6c14\u5efa\u8bbe,\u63a8\u5e7f”\u4e09\u6cbc”\u7efc\u5408\u5229\u7528,\u80fd\u6252\u52a8\u519c\u6751\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u71d5\u5c3e\u670d,\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u5f97\u5230\u5b9e\u60e0,\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6cbc\u6c14\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u80fd\u6e90.\u519c\u6751\u53d1\u5c55\u6cbc\u6c14\u5f88\u91cd\u8981,\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u751f\u6d3b,\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883.\u4ee5\u6cbc\u6c14\u4e3a\u7ebd\u5e26\u5f00\u5c55\u7efc\u5408\u5229\u7528,\u52a0\u5feb\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574,\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6548\u76ca,\u589e\u52a0\u519c\u6c11\u6536\u4eba,\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u5c3d\u5feb\u8131\u8d2b\u81f4\u5bcc<\/p>\n

7. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h2>\n

\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u56fd\u7531\u519c\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u5de5\u4e1a \u6587\u660e\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u73af\u5883\u5e26\u6765\u4e86 \u5371\u673a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8ffd\u6c42\u519c\u4e1a\u7684 \u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u65e0\u6c61\u67d3\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5fc3\u58f0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c \u5021\u5bfc\u548c\u5927\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u662f\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u534a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c \u5316\u5b66\u6740\u866b\u5242\u5728\u4f7f\u5bb3\u866b\u6682\u65f6\u5f97\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5411\u65f6\u53c8\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e25\u5cfb \u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u540e\u679c\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6816\u606f\u73af\u5883\u906d\u4e25\u91cd\u7834\u574f\u3002\u5927\u91cf \u7684\u5316\u5b66\u80a5\u6599\u8f93\u5411\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u571f\u58e4\u80a5\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u80fd\u529b\u840e \u7f29\u548c\u6c34\u571f\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u9020\u6210\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u4e25\u91cd\u6076\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u5e38\u89c4\u519c\u4e1a\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u201c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6709\u673a\u519c\u4e1a\u201d\uff0c \u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u7ec4\u7ec7\u751f\u4ea7\u65e0\u6c61\u67d3\u3001\u65e0\u516c\u5bb3\u98df\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  \u56fd\u5916\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7814\u7a76\u6bd4\u8f83\u5178\u578b\u7684\u6709 \u7f8e\u56fd\u4f4e\u6295\u5165\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u519c\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u519c\u573a\u5185\u90e8\u7269\u8d28\u5faa\u73af \u548c\u6709\u673a\u519c\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u7acb\u4f53\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u5370\u5ea6\u751f \u6001\u519c\u6c11\u534f\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0b\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002  \u4ece\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u56fd\u5916 \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5efa\u8bbe\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u8f6e\u4f5c\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u8c46\u79d1\u4f5c\u7269\u79cd\u690d\uff0c\u65bd\u7528\u6709\u673a \u80a5\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u9632\u6cbb\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6216\u5c11\u65bd\u7528\u5316\u80a5\u3001\u519c\u836f\u7b49\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u571f\u58e4\u80a5\u529b\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u6a21 \u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u66ff\u4ee3\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7247\u9762\u904f\u5236\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u6295\u5165\u7684\u6781 \u7aef\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

  \u6211\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u662f\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d \u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u6db5\u548c\u5916\u5ef6\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u8eab\u7279\u8272\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u867d\u7136 \u4e0e\u56fd\u5916\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u540d\u79f0\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u63aa\u65bd\u76f8\u5dee\u751a\u8fdc\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6211\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u662f \u628a\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u519c\u6751\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u6cbb\u7406\u4e0e\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u57f9\u80b2 \u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u5229\u7528\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u7efc\u5408\u519c\u4e1a\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u5b83\u4ee5\u534f\u8c03\u4eba\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136 \u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u519c\u6751\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u201c\u6574 \u4f53\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u518d\u751f\u201d\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u517c\u987e\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u7cbe \u534e\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u624b\u6bb5\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u519c\u6797\u7267\u526f\u6e14\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u628a\u519c\u4e1a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6218\u7565\u76ee\u6807\u4e0e\u519c\u6237\u5fae\u89c2\u7ecf\u8425\u3001\u519c \u6c11\u8131\u8d2b\u81f4\u5bcc\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u4e13\u4e1a\u548c\u4e0d \u540c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u90e8\u95e8\u4e4b\u95f4\u5168\u9762\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u7ba1\u7406\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u519c\u4e1a\u9ad8\u4ea7\u3001\u4f18 \u8d28\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u751f\u6001\u4e0e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u826f \u6027\u5faa\u73af\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u751f\u6001\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6211\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u7406\u8bba\u53ca \u5178\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u5b9e\u8df5\u4ec5\u670920\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u9a6c\u4e16 \u9a8f\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u63d0\u5021\u4e0e\u5e7f\u5927\u519c\u6c11\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u3001\u6839\u636e\u751f\u6001\u5de5\u7a0b\u539f \u7406\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u878d\u4f1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5148\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u751f\u6001 \u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u6574\u4f53\u3001\u534f\u8c03\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u518d\u751f\u201d\u539f\u5219\u548c\u65b9 \u9488\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5bf9\u6211\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u6784\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

    1994\u5e74\u5f00 \u59cb\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53bf\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u5927\u5927\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002 \u5404\u79cd\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u65ad\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u6211\u56fd\u5df2\u6709370\u591a \u79cd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u4e86 \u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

  \u7ecf\u8fc720\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u6279\u79d1\u6280\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u5e7f\u5927 \u7fa4\u4f17\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u5e76\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u751f\u6001\u6237\u2026 \u751f\u6001\u6751\u4e00\u751f\u6001\u4e61\u4e00\u751f\u6001\u53bf\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u4e86 \u5177\u6709\u9c9c\u660e\u7279\u8272\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002  \u52302000\u5e74\u6211\u56fd\u5df2\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0d\u540c \u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u8bd5\u70b92000\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53bf\u7ea7\u89c4\u6a21 \u7684\u8fbe160\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u5730\uff08\u5e02\uff09\u7ea7\u89c4\u6a21\u768410\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u793a\u8303 \u9762\u79ef\u8d85\u8fc76\u3002<\/p>\n

  \u751f\u6001 \u519c\u4e1a\u6237\u3001\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u6751\u3001\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53bf\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u56fd31\u4e2a\u7701\uff08\u5e02\u3001 \u533a\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u7ee9\u6590\u7136\u3002  <\/p>\n

8. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u751f\u6001\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

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\u4ee5\u6751\u3001\u4e61\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u867d\u8f83\u519c\u6237\u5f0f\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e3a\u4f73\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u6751\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u4f5c\u51fa\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u4f5c\u51fa\u4f18\u5316\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5728\u5c71\u5761\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c06\u9876\u90e8\u5212\u5b9a\u4e3a\u68ee\u6797\u533a\u548c\u8349\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5c71\u8170\u683d\u79cd\u679c\u6811\uff0c\u5c71\u811a\u5219\u5212\u5b9a\u68af\u7530\u79cd\u690d\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\u7269 [7]\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c4\u5212\u5730\u533a\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u59cb\u7ec8\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u571f\u5730\u5272\u88c2\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u5206\u914d\u571f\u5730\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f18\u8d28\u571f\u5730\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u519c\u6c11\u5206\u914d\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f83\u52a3\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u65e0\u5948\u5730\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6751\u3001\u4e61\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e5f\u96be\u7ecf\u5f97\u8d77\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u8106\u5f31\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u6237\u3001\u6751\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u5411\u53bf\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u53d1\u5c55[4]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u53bf\u201d\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u5c42\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u884c\u653f\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6743\u3002\u4ece\u884c\u653f\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u6743\u8fd0\u7528\u653f\u7b56\u7b49\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u501f\u7740\u8c03\u52a8\u81ea\u5df1\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u8d22\u529b\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8c03\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u5371\u673a\u5206\u62c5\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ece\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u53bf\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u662f\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e0e\u5fae\u89c2\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u80fd\u5c31\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b9a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4eba\u5747\u8015\u5730\u9762\u79ef\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u7edf\u7b79\u519c\u6751\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u4eba\u53e3\u3002\u4ece\u751f\u6001\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u5927\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u51fa\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u76ca[4]\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53bf\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u52a0\u901f\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5177\u6709\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

2 \u95ee\u9898\u4e8c\uff1a\u519c\u6c11\u63a5\u53d7\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u80fd\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u672c\u8eab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u5916\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4ea6\u662f\u5173\u952e\u6240\u5728[8]\u3002\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u6700\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u89e3\u51b3\u6e29\u9971\u548c\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u662f\u5426\u613f\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u4ece\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u80fd\u5426\u5373\u65f6\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u589e\u52a0\u6536\u5165\u3002\u65e0\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u539f\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u5efa\u7acb\u4e8e\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u3002\u5355\u4e00\u8ffd\u6c42\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u6536\u5165\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u6076\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u4ea6\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5927\u5012\u9000\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5927\u591a\u613f\u610f\u79cd\u690d\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u7269\uff1b\u4f46\u79cd\u690d\u5355\u4e00\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u571f\u58e4\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u8868\u571f\uff09\u7684\u517b\u5206\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u80a5\u529b\u9000\u5316\u3001\u571f\u8d28\u53d8\u574f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898[3]\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u635f\u5931\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u519c\u6c11\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u82e5\u7ecf\u8425\u8005\u80fd\u591a\u6ce8\u91cd\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u7684\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5728\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u4fbf\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u4f1a\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u4ea6\u5f97\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u5e76\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u79cd\u690d\u6811\u6728\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u77ed\u671f\u5185\u76f4\u63a5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ef7\u503c\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u6539\u5584\u571f\u8d28\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u80a5\u529b\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6c34\u571f\u6d41\u5931\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4ea7\u91cf[10]\u3002\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5212\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5e03\u5c40\u5fc5\u987b\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u8981\u517c\u987e\u5230\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u77ed\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u914d\u5408\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u4ee5\u77ed\u517b\u957f\uff0c\u957f\u77ed\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u6e29\u9971\u95ee\u9898\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5373\u65f6\u6548\u679c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u4ee5\u4e0d\u635f\u5bb3\u73b0\u6709\u73af\u5883\u4e3a\u5e95\u7ebf\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u79ef\u6781\u5b89\u6392\u5177\u6709\u4e2d\u3001\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5b9e\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u519c\u6751\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u6253\u4e0b\u7a33\u56fa\u57fa\u7840[4]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u6539\u53d8\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6280\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3001\u73af\u5883\u9000\u5316\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u4fbf\u663e\u5f97\u683c\u5916\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u85c9\u7740\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ee4\u519c\u6c11\u653e\u5f03\u77ed\u89c6\u7684\u773c\u5149\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u61c2\u5f97\u8fd0\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5408\u4e4e\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8015\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u5f97\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u3002\u5efa\u7acb\u793a\u8303\u533a\u662f\u4e00\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u8303\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u63d0\u9ad8\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u589e\u52a0\u6295\u5165\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u519c\u6c11\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u719f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u6548\u76ca\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5927\u529b\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u5e76\u8d2f\u5f7b\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

3 \u95ee\u9898\u4e09\uff1a\u5e02\u573a<\/p>\n

\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u540e\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7531\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5411\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fc7\u6e21\u3002\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u80fd\u8ba9\u519c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u5730\u751f\u4ea7\u5177\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u589e\u52a0\u751f\u4ea7\u6548\u7387\u548c\u519c\u6c11\u6536\u5165\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u80fd\u5426\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7acb\u8db3\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u4eca\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u8981\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e2d\u8301\u58ee\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6c11\u5bf9\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u51b3\u5b9a\u751f\u4ea7\u90a3\u79cd\u4f5c\u7269\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6839\u636e\u53bb\u5e74\u4ea7\u7269\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4e2d\u4ef7\u683c\u597d\u8005\u6765\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u4ef7\u683c\u662f\u7531\u4f9b\u6c42\u5173\u7cfb\u6240\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\u4ef7\u503c\u597d\u8005\uff0c\u4eca\u5e74\u5374\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9b\u548c\u6c42\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u62b1\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u60f3\u6cd5\u53bb\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u4e00\u7a9d\u8702\u53bb\u751f\u4ea7\u5355\u4e00\u4f5c\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5355\u4e00\u4f5c\u7269\u62b5\u5fa1\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4f4e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u751f\u4ea7\u5355\u4e00\u4f5c\u7269\u8fdc\u8f83\u751f\u4ea7\u591a\u79cd\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u4e3a\u9ad8\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5373\u6216\u4e30\u6536\uff0c\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9b\u5e94\u91cf\u5927\u589e\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5728 20 \u4e16\u7eaa 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5c71\u6942\u4ef7\u683c\u9ad8\uff0c\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u8fbe 3.8\uff5e4.0 \u5143\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5404\u5730\u5927\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u79cd\u690d\u5c71\u6942\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u751a\u81f3\u65e0\u9650\u5236\u5730\u6269\u5927\u5c71\u6942\u6797\u9762\u79ef\u300290 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5c71\u6942\u6811\u8fdb\u5165\u4e30\u679c\u671f\uff0c\u5c71\u6942\u4ea7\u91cf\u5927\u589e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9b\u8fc7\u4e8e\u6c42\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ef7\u683c\u66b4\u8dcc\uff0c\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u4ec5 0.4\uff5e0.5 \u5143\uff0c\u5c71\u6942\u519c\u635f\u5931\u60e8\u91cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5de5\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ea7\u54c1\u591a\u6837\u5316\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u5e02\u573a\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4e3a\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5bfb\u627e\u597d\u7684\u51fa\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u90fd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e02\u573a\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1b\u54c1\u8d28\u68c0\u5b9a\u53c8\u6ca1\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u54c1\u724c\uff1b\u81ea\u7136\u96be\u4ee5\u4e3a\u519c\u6c11\u8d5a\u53d6\u53ef\u89c2\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u8d28\u548c\u91cf\u53ef\u501f\u7740\u79d1\u7814\u548c\u54c1\u79cd\u6539\u826f\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u800c\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6295\u5165\u4e00\u76f4\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u8d28\u548c\u91cf\u5747\u96be\u4ee5\u7a81\u7834\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u6295\u5165\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u5c11\u4e8e\u56fd\u6c11\u603b\u4ea7\u503c\u7684 0.5%\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u5148\u8fdb\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u8fbe 5% \u6216\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u5efa\u7acb\u54c1\u724c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u9ad8\u4ea7\u503c\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u65b9\u9762\u5b9c\u591a\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

4 \u95ee\u9898\u56db\uff1a\u8d44\u91d1<\/p>\n

\u8d44\u91d1\u77ed\u7f3a\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5927\u56f0\u96be[2]\u3002\u73b0\u4eca\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u8d22\u653f\u672a\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u56fd\u5bb6\u8865\u8d34\u6765\u652f\u6301\u3002\u53ef\u662f\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u73b0\u65f6\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b9e\u529b\u4ecd\u5f31\uff0c\u8865\u8d34\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f88\u591a\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u672a\u80fd\u5168\u9762\u5730\u5c55\u5f00\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u9879\u76ee\u8fdf\u8fdf\u672a\u80fd\u4ed8\u4e8e\u5b9e\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4fbf\u5f62\u6210\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e00\u5929\u672a\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4fbf\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u7ed9\u4e88\u8865\u8d34\u3002\u65e0\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\uff0c\u5355\u9760\u56fd\u5bb6\u8865\u8d34\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u957f\u671f\u7684\u8865\u8d34\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6784\u6210\u8d1f\u7d2f\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u597d\u4e8b\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5916\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u8282\u6d41\u548c\u5f00\u6e90\u3002\u6709\u5173\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u8282\u6d41\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5916\u56fd\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6216\u662f\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\uff09\u5df2\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4f9b\u501f\u9274\u53c2\u8003[11\u300112]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8282\u6d41\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u662f\u8981\u907f\u514d\u201c\u5047\u3001\u5927\u3001\u7a7a\u201d\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e3a\u5851\u9020\u201c\u9ad8\u4ea7\u536b\u661f\u201d\u800c\u4e0d\u987e\u73b0\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u5236\u7ea6\u7684\u4e2a\u6848\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u65f6\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e94\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u6212\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u662f\u8981\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5206\u914d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u628a\u8be5\u7528\u5230\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u786e\u4fdd\u53ca\u65f6\u5230\u4f4d\uff0c\u9009\u51c6\u6295\u5411\uff0c\u8ba9\u8d44\u6e90\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u5b83\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6548\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u4e8e\u5f00\u6e90\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u501f\u7740\u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u9547\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u6536\u5165\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u58ee\u5927\u519c\u6751\u96c6\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u519c\u6751\u96c6\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c06\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u8d44\u91d1\u56de\u9988\u7528\u4e8e<\/p>\n

\u519c\u4e1a[13]\uff1b\u5176\u4e8c\u662f\u5f15\u8fdb\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e0e\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u4e92\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u53d1\u5c55\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u52a0\u5de5\u4e1a\uff0c\u8ba9\u90e8\u5206\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u6709\u5e02\u573a\u51fa\u53e3\uff0c\u8d5a\u53d6\u8d44\u91d1\uff1b\u53c8\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u53d1\u5c55\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u501f\u7740\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u6536\u76ca\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8ba9\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u6001\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\uff1b\u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u8f83\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u878d\u8d44\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8ba9\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u9879\u76ee\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u94f6\u884c\u53d1\u884c\u80a1\u7968\u3001\u503a\u5238\u6216\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7b79\u96c6\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5236\u5b9a\u6761\u4f8b\u548c\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u8d44\u91d1\u6d41\u52a8\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8d44\u91d1\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

5 \u95ee\u9898\u4e94\uff1a\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u65b9\u5411<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u4e5f\u5fc5\u9700\u5171\u540c\u8003\u8651\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u793e\u4f1a 3 \u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4ece\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u957f\u671f\u603b\u56de\u62a5\u5fc5\u987b\u5927\u4e8e\u603b\u6210\u672c\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u957f\u671f\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u4e8f\u672c\u7684\u751f\u610f\uff0c\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u3002\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u80fd\u5426\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u6210\u672c\u548c\u8d5a\u53d6\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u5176\u7a8d\u95e8\u662f\u8981\u7cbe\u786e\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u9884\u8ba1\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u56de\u62a5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u4eca\u5374\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u5f62\u4e0e\u65e0\u5f62\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u6027\u4e0e\u975e\u8d22\u653f\u6027\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u56de\u62a5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ea\u80fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u5f62\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u6027\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u65e0\u5f62\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u5728\u5185\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u672a\u80fd\u5982\u5b9e\u53cd\u6620[14]\u3002\u4e0d\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6709\u5173\u90e8\u95e8\u4e86\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5229\u7528\u4e3a\u6587\u8fc7\u9970\u975e\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee4\u95ee\u9898\u6301\u7eed\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u6076\u5316\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u751f\u6001\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee4\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u66f4\u9002\u4e8e\u4eba\u6c11\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6307\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff1b\u5e7f\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ea6\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4eba\u5728\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u3002\u8981\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u3001\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u793e\u4f1a\u5341\u5206\u8d2b\u56f0\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6e29\u9971\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4fbf\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\uff1b\u4f46\u968f\u7740\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u6539\u5584\u3001\u8863\u98df\u65e0\u5fe7\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u8d28\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4fbf\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u3001\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u793e\u4f1a\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5fc5\u987b\u63a8\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u6751\u4ecd\u7136\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5c31\u4e1a\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u4f4e\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5efa\u8bbe\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5951\u673a\uff0c\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f14\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4ee5\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u519c\u6751\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u4ea7\u6761\u4ef6\u672a\u6539\u5584\u524d\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u53ea\u5f97\u6d8c\u5411\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u4e5f\u7ed9\u57ce\u5e02\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u519c\u6751\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c31\u5730\u5b89\u6392\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u52b3\u52a8\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n

\u65b9\u6cd5[4]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u52b3\u52a8\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5f3a\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u52b3\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u6bd4\u8f83\u6076\u52a3\uff0c\u8001\u4eba\u548c\u5987\u5973\u7b49\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5982\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u8ba9\u8001\u4eba\u548c\u5987\u5973\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6295\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u519c\u6751\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u4fbf\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528[4]\u3002<\/p>\n

6 \u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u4e16\u754c\u73af\u5883\u95ee\u9898\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u8ba4\u540c\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u5728 1994 \u5e74\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bae\u7a0b\u201d\uff0c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u5b9a\u4e0b\u5927\u7eb2\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4f18\u80dc\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bae\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u5df2\u88ab\u5217\u4e3a\u4f18\u5148\u9879\u76ee[4]\u3002\u5728\u6700\u8fd1 10 \u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u73b0\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u867d\u7136\u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u5efa\u8bbe\u4ecd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u95ee\u9898\u5c1a\u672a\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u89c1\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6325\u5176\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

9. \u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u53d1\u5c55\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u6811\u7acb\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5371\u673a\u611f\u3002\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56e0\u7d20\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u8eab\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7b2c\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u6811\u7acb\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5371\u673a\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5f0f\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u5efa\u56fd\u540e\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u6210\u5c31\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u662f\u4ee5\u727a\u7272\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5df2\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5728\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u5e94\u6ce8\u91cd\u5de5\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u751f\u4ea7\u6280\u672f\u5411\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u6001\u578b\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u8981\u5f7b\u5e95\u653e\u5f03\u843d\u540e\u7684\u7c97\u653e\u578b\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u5efa\u7acb\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6307\u6807\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u4e0d\u751a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6216\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e5f\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u8861\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u4fe1\u606f\u7f51\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u5efa\u8bbe\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u56fd\u4e5f\u5c31\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5ba3\u4f20\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u4e3a\u5730\u7834\u574f\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4ecd\u7136\u65f6\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u5b89\u5168\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

10. \u751f\u6001\u519c\u4e1a\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4ef7\u503c<\/h2>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u5bf9\u65b0\u519c\u6751\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a <\/p>\n

\u2460 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u519c\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u519c\u6751\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u62d3\u5bbd\u519c\u4e1a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5ef6\u957f\u519c\u4e1a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u4e1a\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u6c11\u8f6c\u79fb\u5c31\u4e1a\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u519c\u6c11\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e3a\u65b0\u519c\u6751\u5efa\u8bbe\u521b\u9020\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2461 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u519c\u6751\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4eba\u6587\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u519c\u6751\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u519c\u526f\u4ea7\u54c1\u5c31\u5730\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8fd0\u8f93\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u683c\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u6c11\u589e\u6536\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2462 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u519c\u6751\u81ea\u529b\u66f4\u751f\uff0c\u9760\u81ea\u8eab\u529b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u519c\u6751\u7684\u6276\u6301\u8d44\u91d1\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u53c2\u4e0e\u6295\u8d44\u3001\u7ecf\u8425\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\uff0c\u53ef\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u53ef\u652f\u914d\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u751f\u6d3b\u5bbd\u88d5\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2463 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u57ce\u4e61\u7edf\u7b79\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u57ce\u4e61\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u52a8\u3002\u57ce\u91cc\u6e38\u5ba2\u628a\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u6587\u5316\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u8f90\u5c04\u5230\u519c\u6751\uff0c\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u4e0d\u7528\u5916\u51fa\u5c31\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u610f\u8bc6\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e60\u4fd7\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u519c\u6c11\u7d20\u8d28\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2464 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6316\u6398\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u548c\u4f20\u627f\u519c\u6751\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4ee5\u519c\u6751\u6587\u5316\u4e3a\u5438\u5f15\u7269\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u6751\u7279\u8272\u6587\u5316\u65c5\u6e38\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u65c5\u6e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5438\u6536\u73b0\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u660e\u4e61\u98ce\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2465 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e61\u6751\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u3002\u65c5\u6e38\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u536b\u751f\u53ca\u6574\u6d01\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5c06\u5927\u5927\u63a8\u52a8\u519c\u6751\u6751\u5bb9\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u536b\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u73af\u5883\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u6751\u5e84\u6574\u4f53\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u65c5\u6e38\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u3001\u7279\u8272\u5316\u3001\u539f\u751f\u6001\u3001\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u65c5\u6e38\u6751\u5e84\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u9762\u8c8c\u548c\u6751\u5bb9\uff0c\u662f\u6253\u7834\u76ee\u524d\u65b0\u519c\u6751\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e2d\u5343\u6751\u4e00\u9762\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u519c\u6751\u4e43\u81f3\u5168\u56fd\u52a0\u5feb\u5efa\u8bbe\u8d44\u6e90\u8282\u7ea6\u578b\u3001\u73af\u5883\u53cb\u597d\u578b\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u6751\u79d1\u5b66\u89c4\u5212\u4e0e\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u6751\u5bb9\u6574\u6d01\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u2466 \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u501f\u9274\u56fd\u5916\u5148\u8fdb\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5c0a\u91cd\u519c\u6c11\u610f\u613f\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u519c\u6751\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u6c11\u4e3b\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

11. \u53d1\u5c55\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n

1.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff1f<\/p>\n

2.\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n

3. \u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u548c\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\uff1f\u6848\u4f8b\uff09<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u53ea\u6709\u98df\u54c1\u4e0e\u539f\u6599\u7684\u4f9b\u7ed9\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u662f\u5229\u7528\u519c\u4e1a\u666f\u89c2\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u57ce\u5e02\u6e38\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u89c2\u5149\u3001\u4f11\u95f2\u3001\u6e38\u89c8\u3001\u5ea6\u5047\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ea7\u4e1a\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ea7\u4e1a\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u662f\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u547c\uff0c\u76f4\u89c2\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0e\u201c\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u201d\u533a\u522b\uff01\uff09<\/p>\n

\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n

\uff081\uff09\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201d\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u3001\u751f\u6001\u201c\u4e09\u4f4d\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u65b0\u578b\u519c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u5f62\u6001\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff082\uff09\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee5\u5e02\u573a\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6c34\u679c\u3001\u852c\u83dc\u7b49\uff0c\u987e\u5ba2\u6ee1\u610f\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u65c5\u6e38\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u611f\u53d7\u7684\u603b\u548c\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\uff01\uff01\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff083\uff09\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u5982\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u8272\u5f69\u548c\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u4f5c\u7269\u3001\u679c\u6811\u3001\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u79cd\u517b\u3001\u6c11\u5c45\u3001\u6c9f\u6e20\u3001\u9053\u8def\u3001\u519c\u5177\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u52b3\u4f5c\u6280\u672f\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u8282\u6c14\u6d3b\u52a8\u3001\u8863\u98df\u4f4f\u884c\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u5a5a\u4e27\u5ac1\u5a36\u4e60\u4fd7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff084\uff09\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4ee5\u519c\u6c11\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u63a5\u5f85\u548c\u7ecf\u8425\u5355\u4f4d\uff1b<\/p>\n

\uff085\uff09\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4ee5\u76c8\u5229\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u662f\u6307\u4ee5\u4e61\u6751\u5730\u57df\u53ca\u519c\u4e8b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u98ce\u571f\u3001\u98ce\u7269\u3001\u98ce\u4fd7\u3001\u98ce\u666f\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u98ce\u60c5\u4e3a\u5438\u5f15\u7269\uff0c\u6240\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4f11\u95f2\u3001\u89c2\u5149\u3001\u4f53\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u65c5\u6e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a\u5403\u519c\u5bb6\u996d\u3001\u4f4f\u519c\u5bb6\u5c4b\u3001\u5e72\u519c\u5bb6\u6d3b\u3001\u4eab\u519c\u5bb6\u4e50\u3001\u89c2\u519c\u5bb6\u666f\u3001\u8d2d\u519c\u5bb6\u7269\u3001\u968f\u519c\u5bb6\u4fd7\u3001\u7528\u519c\u5bb6\u5177\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u662f\u4e3a\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u6295\u8d44\u4e3b\u4f53\u3001\u4f53\u9a8c\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e61\u6751\u7279\u70b9\u7b49\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e94\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b:<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd1\u90ca\u4f11\u95f2\u5a31\u4e50\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u3001\u6700\u666e\u904d\u3001\u6570\u91cf\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd1\u90ca\uff0c\u4ea4\u901a\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u6e38\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u98df\u5bbf\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5a31\u4e50\u8bbe\u65bd\u8f83\u9f50\u5168\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u6210\u90fd\u7684\u519c\u5bb6\u4e50\uff0c\u6cf0\u5b89\u7684\u65b9\u7279\u3001\u82b1\u6837\u5e74\u534e\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u65b9\u7279\u968f\u673a\u8c03\u67e5300\u540d\u6e38\u5ba2\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6765\u81ea\u6cf0\u5b89\u5176\u4ed6\u53bf\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u536018%\uff0c\u6d4e\u5357\u7684\u536020%\uff0c\u7701\u5185\u5176\u4ed6\u53bf\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u536032%\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u536070%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u9a7e\u6e3853%\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e74\u9f8420-39\u5c81\u7684\u536067%<\/p>\n

\u6536\u51653000\u5143\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u536066%<\/p>\n

\u6253\u7b97\u9017\u75591\u5929\u7684\u536075%<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\uff0c\u666f\u533a\u5468\u8fb9\u98df\u5bbf\u63a5\u5f85\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

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3.\u53d1\u5c55\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/p>\n

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1.\u56fd\u5185\u3001\u5916\u4f11\u95f2\u519c\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u6559\u6750P.14\u2014\u2014\uff09<\/p>\n

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2005\u5e744\u670812\u65e5\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u201c\u9996\u5c4a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u8282\u201d\u5f00\u5e55\u5f0f\u4e0a,\u6210\u90fd\u5e02\u90eb\u53bf\u53cb\u7231\u9547\u519c\u79d1\u6751\u7684\u5f90\u5bb6\u5927\u9662\u4f11\u95f2\u4e2d\u5fc3\u88ab\u56fd\u5bb6\u65c5\u6e38\u5c40\u786e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u519c\u5bb6\u4e50\u7b2c\u4e00\u5bb6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

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2.\u5c71\u4e1c\u7701\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u73b0\u72b6<\/p>\n

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1\u3001\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u81ea\u7136\u98ce\u5149\u3002\u9752\u5c9b\u3001\u70df\u53f0\u3001\u5a01\u6d77\u7684\u8ff7\u4eba\u9633\u5149\uff0c\u6d77\u6d6a\uff0c\u6c99\u6ee9\uff1b\u4ee5\u83cf\u6cfd\u3001\u6d4e\u5b81\u3001\u5fb7\u5dde\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5e7f\u88a4\u5e73\u539f\u7eff\uff1b\u6cf0\u5b89\u3001\u4e34\u6c82\u7b49\u4ee5\u5c71\u5730\u3001\u4e18\u9675\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5c71\u6751\u805a\u843d\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u98ce\u4fd7\u6c11\u60c5\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8282\u5e86\u3001\u4e60\u4fd7\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u6cf0\u5c71\u767b\u5c71\u8282\u3001\u6f4d\u574a\u98ce\u7b5d\u8282\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u5343\u4f5b\u5c71\u5e99\u4f1a\u3001\u83cf\u6cfd\u6597\u9e21\u3001\u6597\u7f8a\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3001\u6dc4\u535a\u7684\u706f\u4f1a\u7b49\u3002 \u3000<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5145\u6ee1\u60c5\u8da3\u7684\u4e61\u571f\u6587\u5316\u827a\u672f\uff0c\u70f9\u98df\u98ce\u5473\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u6f4d\u574a\u6768\u5bb6\u57e0\u5e74\u753b\u3001\u6d4e\u5357\u5e03\u8001\u864e\u3001\u9104\u57ce\u9c81\u9526\u5de5\u827a\u3001\u9c81\u5357\u67f3\u7f16\u3001\u83cf\u6cfd\u6ce5\u4eba\u3001\u9762\u4eba\u7b49\uff0c\u5b54\u5e9c\u201c\u6ee1\u6c49\u5168\u5e2d\u3001\u9752\u5c9b\u6d77\u9c9c\u7b49\u3002 \u3000<\/p>\n

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3\u3001\u666e\u904d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u7b56\u5212\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u76f2\u76ee\u4e0a\u9a6c\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4eba\u5de5\u75d5\u8ff9\u8fc7\u4e8e\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u503e\u5411\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u53d7\u5230\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u65c5\u6e38\u4eba\u624d\u532e\u4e4f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8425\u65b9\u5f0f\u5355\u4e00\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7f3a\u5c11\u89c4\u8303\u3002\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u7ecf\u8425\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6709\u6548\u7684\u57f9\u8bad\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u7531\u6751\u5e72\u90e8\u517c\u4efb\u6216\u7531\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u62c5\u4efb\u3002\u4ece\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7d20\u8d28\u666e\u904d\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c\u7c97\u653e\u7ecf\u8425\uff0c\u9677\u5165\u8f7b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4f4e\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7684\u6076\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u4e25\u91cd\u5236\u7ea6\u4e86\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u4e1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u666e\u904d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u7b56\u5212\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u9879\u76ee\u76f2\u76ee\u4e0a\u9a6c\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4eba\u5de5\u75d5\u8ff9\u8fc7\u4e8e\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u503e\u5411\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6c11\u4fd7\u6587\u5316\u53d7\u5230\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e61\u6751\u65c5\u6e38\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n

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